Cataract
A cataract starts out first with little effect on our vision. In this condition our vision may get little blurred as if we are looking through a cloudy glass piece. Cataract, the most common cause of loss of vision in people over 45 years of age and is also said to be the principal cause of blindness worldwide.
In general, cataract is medically classified as, Subcapsular cataract found to develop on acquiring opacity at the back of the lens. The people with diabetes or patients going on with higher doses of steroid medications have a greater risk of having this condition. Nuclear cataract often occurs deep in the central zone or nucleus of the lens, the condition is usually associated with ageing. Cortical cataract is clearly identified by white, wedge-like opacities that start affecting the periphery of the lens and develop in a spoke-like fashion later.
Various factors have been found by researchers to contribute into the onset of cataract, like-UV radiation, diabetes, hypertension, obesity, smoking, prolong use of steroid medications, previous eye injury, hormonal therapy, long term high myopia and those having such family history.
Cataract surgery is most successful way for restoring vision. Intra Ocular Lens (IOL) implantation has been done to replace the natural opacity developed lens and provide power corrected vision. The infection during operative and post operative stage is to be avoided for best possible recovery.
Squint
A squint condition or strabismus refers to a misalignment of eyes. The condition arises due to an incorrect balance of the muscles that move the eye. The eye may turn in or converge, turn out or diverge or sometimes turn up or down, resulting into improper working of eyes.
Squint can occur at any age and around five percent children are having this condition. People with squints usually have poor vision in the affected eye. Sooner the treatment is started well the chances of positive results. The treatment includes operative procedure and exercises etc as advised by the doctor. Medically, squint is categorized into several types, Esotropias (convergent) squint, Exotropias (divergent) squint, Hypertropias and Hypotropias vertical squints in which one eye is higher (hypertropia) or lower (hypotropia) and Paralytic Squints.
Glaucoma
The increased intraocular (inside eye) pressure, may damage the optic nerve that transmits images to our brain, this results into onset of Glaucoma. If the damage process continues long, glaucoma can lead to permanent loss of vision loss. So treatment in glaucoma is promptly required to prevent such a loss of vision.
In most cases having glaucoma there has been no early severity or noticeable symptoms. So, on any complaint in vision one has to attend the eye clinic to diagnose it early. On having a family history of this disease, one should get a thorough eye examination from an Ophthalmologist after a few months interval.
The fluid in anterior part of eye, aqueous humor flows throughout the eye via a mesh-like channel; if it gets blocked (due to some unknown reason) the condition of glaucoma is resulted. There are two types of this condition: Open-angle glaucoma or Wide angle glaucoma (the most common) and Angle-closure glaucoma or Acute angle glaucoma (the less common one).
Conjunctivitis
The bacterial conjunctivitis is an eye infection in which one or both eyes become red with associated discomfort. The condition is often not serious and in most cases it gets clear up without giving any treatment. Patients with acute conjunctivitis are usually given antibiotic as eye drops/ointment, to pace the recovery of normal condition.
Blepharitis
Blepharitis is referred to be an inflammatory condition of eyelids. In this condition eyelids become red and eyelashes get crusty, and make our eyes full of irritation and itching. It may lead to persistent burning, stinging and soreness. The severity may result into fall of eye lashes. It commonly affects both the eyes, being a bacterial infection the eyes should be clean and this habit needs to be retained for a long time to avoid its recurrence. Doctor’s advice and treatment is necessary to check the ailment and restore the dry condition of eyes.